France has summoned Italy's ambassador after the Italian deputy prime minister accused the French of exploiting Africa and fuelling migration.
On Sunday, Luigi di Maio called on the European Union to impose sanctions on France for its policies in Africa.
He said France had "never stopped colonising tens of African states".
Italy's populist leadership has repeatedly clashed with France in recent months, on issues such as migration, protests and culture.
Why are these neighbours arguing?Ever since Italy's Five Star and League parties came to power in June 2018 relations have been tense.
Much of the tension has been about migration. The two countries have argued over France sending back migrants across Italy's northern border.
When France criticised Italy for not allowing rescue boats carrying migrants in the Mediterranean to dock, Italy responded by accusing France itself of refusing to accept migrants.
ut the rows have spilled into other areas.
Right-wing Interior Minister Matteo Salvini accused France last week of harbouring 14 "terrorists" wanted by Italy, after a fugitive ex-militant was extradited from Bolivia. He said they should be sent back to Italy to end up in jail, rather than "quaffing champagne under the Eiffel Tower".
Coalition colleague Mr Di Maio, leader of the Five Star Movement (M5S) has found common cause with France's "gilets jaunes" protesters, urging them not to give up and offering them "the support you need".
AFP.